Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Volume 31, Issue 1 , Pages 69-81 , January 2001

Bone densitometry and the diagnosis of osteoporosis

  • Glen M. Blake

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Glen M. Blake, PhD, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guy's Hospital, St. Thomas Street, London, England SE1 9RT.
    • ,
  • Ignac Fogelman

References 

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  2. Blake GM, Fogelman I. Technical principles of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Semin Nucl Med. 1997;27:210–228
  3. Kanis JA, Delmas P, Burckhardt P, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 1997;7:390–406
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  9. Ettinger B, Black DM, Mitlak BH, et al. Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: Results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 1999;282:637–645
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  16. Blake GM, Wahner HW, Fogelman I. In: ed 2. The Evaluation of Osteoporosis: Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry and Ultrasound in Clinical Practice. London, England: Martin Dunitz; 1999;
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  22. Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H. Meta-analysis of how well measures of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. BMJ. 1996;312:1254–1259
  23. (abstr) Black DM, Palermo L, Bauer D. How well does bone mass predict long-term risk of hip fracture?. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11(suppl 2):S59
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  26. Kalender WA. Effective dose values in bone mineral measurements by photon absorptiometry and computed tomography. Osteoporos Int. 1992;2:82–87
  27. Patel R, Blake GM, Fogelman I. Radiation dose to the patient and operator from a peripheral dual x-ray absorptiometry system. J Clin Densitom. 1999;2:397–401
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  33. Kanis JA, Glüer C-C. An update on the diagnosis and assessment of osteoporosis with densitometry. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11:192–202
  34. (abstr) Black DM. Revision of T-score BMD diagnostic thresholds. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11(suppl 2):S58
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  37. Glüer C-C. Quantitative ultrasound techniques for the assessment of osteoporosis—Expert agreement on current status. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12:1280–1288
  38. National Osteoporosis Foundation . Osteoporosis: Review of the evidence for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and cost-effectiveness analysis. Osteoporos Int. 1998;8(suppl 4):S7–S80
  39. Faulkner KG, VonStetton E, Miller P. Discordance in patient classification using T-scores. J Clin Densitom. 1999;2:343–350
  40. Delmas PD. Do we need to change the WHO definition of osteoporosis?. Osteoporos Int. 2000;11:189–191
  41. Miller PD. Controversies in bone mineral density diagnostic classifications. Calcif Tissue Int. 2000;66:317–319
  42. Blake GM, Patel R, Fogelman I. Peripheral or axial bone density measurements?. J Clin Densitom. 1998;1:55–63
  43. Looker AC, Wahner HW, Dunn WL, et al. Updated data on proximal femur bone mineral levels of US adults. Osteoporos Int. 1998;8:468–489
  44. Frost ML, Blake GM, Fogelman I. Contact quantitative ultrasound: An evaluation of precision, fracture discrimination, age-related bone loss and applicability of the WHO criteria. Osteoporos Int. 1999;10:441–449

PII: S0001-2998(01)80033-7

doi: 10.1053/snuc.2001.18749

Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Volume 31, Issue 1 , Pages 69-81 , January 2001

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