« Previous
Next »
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Volume 33, Issue 4
, Pages 259-278
, October 2003
Radionuclide imaging of acute pulmonary embolism
References
-
.
Pulmonary embolism.
N Eng J Med. 1998;339:93–104
- . Pulmonary embolism (Clinical features and management). Hosp Med. 2000;61:46–50
- . The problems of the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Semin Nucl Med. 1991;21:276–280
-
.
Diagnostic strategies in acute pulmonary embolism.
Haemostasis. 1993;23(suppl 1):220–226
- Trends in the incidence and of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (A 25-year population-based study). Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:585–593
- . Incidence of venous thromboembolism: A community-based study in Western France. EPI-GETBP Study Group. Groupe d’Etude de la Thrombose de Bretagne Occidentale. Thromb Haemost. 2000;83:657–660
- . Gated myocardial perfusion scan leading to diagnosis of unsuspected massive pulmonary embolism. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:845
- . Venous thromboses and pulmonary embolism in post-mortem series (Probable cases by correlation of clinical data and basic diseases). Pathol Res Pract. 1999;190:394–399
- Mortality in patients treated for pulmonary embolism. JAMA. 1976;236:1477–1480
- . Management of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. A statement for healthcare professionals. Circulation. 1996;93:2212–2245
- . A preliminary evaluation of diagnostic odds in lung scan reporting. Nucl Med Commun. 1998;19:113–118
- Lung scan evaluation of thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:364–368
- . Acute pulmonary embolism (Clinical outcomes in the international cooperative pulmonary embolism registry (ICOPER)). Lancet. 1999;353:1386–1389
- Diagnosing pulmonary embolism (New facts and strategies). Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:300–306
- Risk of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with treated venous thromboembolism. JAMA. 1998;279:458–462
- Haemorrhagic complications of heparin therapy. Lancet. 1977;1:1133–1135
- Risk of complications during intravenous heparin therapy. West J Med. 1982;136:189–197
- . Risks for major bleeding from thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Consideration of noninvasive management. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:313–317
- . Drug-related deaths among medical inpatients. JAMA. 1977;237:879–881
- . Pulmonary embolism: What have we learned since Virchow?: Treatment and prevention. Chest. 2002;122:1801–1817
- A prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism in women and men. JAMA. 1992;268:1689–1696
- Gender comparison in pulmonary embolism (results from the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry [ICOPER]). Am J Cardiol. 2002;89:616–619
- Diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in the elderly. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991;18:1452–1457
- . Clinical characteristics of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Cardiol. 1991;68:1723–1724
- Clinical, laboratory, roentgenographic, and electrocardiographic findings in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and no pre-existing cardiac or pulmonary disease. Chest. 1991;100:598–603
- . Neural networks in radiologic diagnosis (Introduction and illustration). Invest Radiol. 1990;25:1012–1016
- Neural network in the clinical diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism. Chest. 1993;104:1685–1689
- . Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (When is imaging needed?). Clin Chest Med. 2003;24:13–28
- . Opinions regarding the diagnosis and management of venous thromboembolic disease. ACCP Consensus Committee on Pulmonary Embolism. Chest. 1996;109:233–237
- . A negative simpliRED D-dimer assay result does not exclude the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolus in Emergency Department patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;35:121–125
- Diagnostic accuracy of triage tests to exclude pulmonary embolism. Thromb Haemost. 2001;85:995–998
- . Assessment of D dimer assays for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. J Lab Clin Med. 1987;110:588–591
- Comparison of four rapid D-Dimer tests for diagnosis of pulmonary. Thromb Res. 1996;82:399–407
- D-dimer testing and acute venous thromboembolism. A shortcut to accurate diagnosis?. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:939–946
- Chest radiographic findings in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (Observations from the PIOPED study). Radiology. 1993;189:133–136
- Procedure guideline for lung scintigraphy: 1.0. Society of Nuclear Medicine. J Nucl Med. 1996;37:1906–1910
- . Statistical considerations in lung scanning with Tc-99m albumin particles. Radiology. 1975;113:675–679
- Ventilation-perfusion lung imaging and selective pulmonary angiography in dogs with experimental pulmonary emboli. J Nucl Med. 1978;19:164–171
- The underestimation of segmental defect size in radionuclide lung scanning. J Nucl Med. 1993;34:370–374
- The limitations of posterior view ventilation scanning in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Nucl Med Commun. 1993;14:983–988
-
.
The urokinase pulmonary embolism trial. A national cooperative study.
Circulation. 1973;47(suppl 2):46–50
- . Prognostic factors in restoration of pulmonary flow after submassive pulmonary embolism (A multiple regression analysis). Eur Respir J. 1998;11:560–564
- . Incomplete recovery of lung perfusion after 3 months in patients with acute pulmonary embolism treated with antithrombotic agents. THESEE Study Group. Tinzaparin ou Heparin Standard: Evaluation dans l’Embolie Pulmonaire Study. J Nucl Med. 2000;41:1043–1048
- Influence of cardiopulmonary disease on resolution of pulmonary embolism. A mathematical model to predict remaining defects at six months. Respiration. 1996;63:267–271
- . The chronic perfusion defect (Our knowledge is still hazy, but the message is clear). J Nucl Med. 2000;41:1049–1050
- Novel technetium-99m-labeled platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists as potential imaging agents for venous and arterial thrombosis. Coron Artery Dis. 1998;9:131–141
- . Scintigraphic imaging of lower-extremity acute venous thrombosis. Adv Ther. 1998;15:315–322
- . Radiolabeled peptides in the detection of deep venous thrombosis. Semin Nucl Med. 2001;31:102–123
- Acute thromboscintigraphy with (99m)Tc-apcitide: Results of the phase 3 multicenter clinical trial comparing 99mTc-apcitide scintigraphy with contrast venography for imaging acute DVT. Multicenter Trial Investigators. J Nucl Med. 2000;41:1214–1223
- Imaging pulmonary emboli and deep venous thrombi with 99mTc-bitistatin, a platelet-binding polypeptide from viper venom. J Nucl Med. 2000;41:1056–1064
- A new noninvasive management strategy for patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:2549–2555
- Use of a clinical model for safe management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:997–1005
-
Using clinical evaluation and lung scan to rule out suspected pulmonary embolism (Is it a valid option in patients with normal results of lower-limb venous compression ultrasonography?).
Arch Int Med. 2000;160:512–516
- A noninvasive strategy for the treatment of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:289–297
- . Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED). JAMA. 1990;263:2753–2759
- Value of perfusion lung scan in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (Results of the Prospective Investigative Study of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PISA-PED)). Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;154:1387–1393
- Cost-effectiveness of pulmonary embolism diagnosis. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:68–72
- . Imaging techniques in treatment algorithms of pulmonary embolism. Eur Respir J Suppl. 2002;35:28s–39s
- Comparison of the diagnostic performance of ventilation/perfusion lung scanning in different patient populations. Radiology. 1996;199:481–483
- The diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest. 1992;102:17–22
- Diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism: Effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the performance of D-dimer testing, ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy, spiral computed tomographic angiography, and conventional angiography. ANTELOPE Study Group. Advances in New Technologies Evaluating the Localization of Pulmonary Embolism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162:2232–2237
- Reporting of perfusion/ventilation lung scintigraphy using an anatomical lung segment chart (A prospective study). Nucl Med Commun. 1994;15:746–751
- Enhanced accuracy and reproducibility in reporting of lung scintigrams by a segmental reference chart. J Nucl Med. 1998;39:1095–1099
- . A detailed evaluation of patients with acute pulmonary embolism and low- or very-low-probability lung scan interpretations. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:2737–2741
-
.
Review of 6-month mortality following a low probability lung scan.
Arch Int Med. 1999;159:49–52
- . Unilateral hypoperfusion or absent perfusion on pulmonary scintigraphy (Differential diagnosis). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998;171:145–150
- . Unilateral absence or near absence of pulmonary perfusion on lung scanning. Semin Nucl Med. 1995;25:72–74
- Comparison of Biello, McNeil, and PIOPED criteria for the diagnosis of pulmonary emboli on lung scans. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1990;154:975–981
- . Revised criteria for ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Radiology. 1995;195:286–289
- . Evaluation of individual criteria for low probability interpretation of ventilation-perfusion lung scans. J Nucl Med. 1996;37:577–581
- . Review of criteria appropriate for a very low probability of pulmonary embolism on ventilation-perfusion lung scans (A position paper). Radiographics. 2000;20:99–105
- . Critical review of ventilation/perfusion lung scans in acute pulmonary embolism. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1994;37:13–24
- . Comprehensive analysis of the results of the PIOPED Study. Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis Study. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:2380–2387
- . Prospective validation of the stripe sign in ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy. Radiology. 1992;184:455–459
- . Ventilation-perfusion-chest radiograph match is less likely to represent pulmonary embolism if perfusion is decreased rather than absent. Clin Nucl Med. 2000;25:665–669
- Modified PIOPED criteria used in clinical practice. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:1573–1578
- Evaluation of revised criteria for ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. Radiology. 1994;193:103–107
-
Prospective trial of revised PIOPED criteria for lung scan interpretation in clinically selected patients.
J Nucl Med. 1994;35:25P;
(abstr)
- . Enhanced lung scan diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with the use of ancillary scintigraphic findings and clinical correlation. Semin Nucl Med. 2001;31:143–157
- . Predicting the presence of acute pulmonary embolism (A comparative analysis of the artificial neural network, logistic regression, and threshold models). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179:869–874
- Contrast-enhanced thin slice ultrafast computed tomography for the detection of small pulmonary emboli. Studies using autologous emboli in the pig. Invest Radiol. 1994;29:184–187
- Ultrafast computed tomography in experimental pulmonary embolism. Invest Radiol. 1992;27:60–63
-
Spiral CT is comparable to angiography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.
Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2000;161:1010–1015
- Pulmonary embolism (Validation of spiral CT angiography in 149 patients). Radiology. 1996;201:467–470
- Role of spiral volumetric computed tomographic scanning in the assessment of patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism and an abnormal ventilation/perfusion lung scan. Thorax. 1996;51:23–28
- Spiral CT angiography for suspected pulmonary embolism (A cost-effectiveness analysis). Radiology. 1996;201:29–36
- Can helical CT replace scintigraphy in the diagnostic process in suspected pulmonary embolism? A retrolective-prolective cohort study focusing on total diagnostic yield. Eur Radiol. 1998;8:90–96
- Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with spiral CT (Comparison with pulmonary angiography and scintigraphy). Radiology. 1996;200:699–706
- . Spiral CT and pulmonary embolism (Is the emperor still unclothed?). Del Med J. 1999;71:221–223
- Pulmonary embolism (Diagnosis with contrast-enhanced electron-beam CT and comparison with pulmonary angiography). Radiology. 1995;194:313–319
- Pulmonary embolism (Diagnosis with electron-beam CT). Radiology. 1993;188:839–845
- Detection of pulmonary embolism in patients with unresolved clinical and scintigraphic diagnosis (Helical CT versus angiography). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995;164:1369–1374
- . Diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (Time for a new approach). Radiology. 1996;199:25–27
- Can CT pulmonary angiography replace ventilation-perfusion scans as a first line investigation for pulmonary emboli?. Australas Radiol. 1999;43:311–314
- Prospective comparison of helical CT and MR imaging in clinically. J Magn Reson Imaging. 1996;6:275–281
- Acute pulmonary embolism (Assessment of helical CT for diagnosis). Radiology. 1998;209:235–241
- Pulmonary embolism (Prospective comparison of spiral CT with ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy). Radiology. 1997;205:447–452
- Pulmonary embolism revealed on helical CT angiography (Comparison with ventilation-perfusion radionuclide lung scanning). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;174:1041–1047
- Helical CT (Practical considerations and potential pitfalls). Radiographics. 1995;15:25–36
- . Combined helical computed tomographic pulmonary angiography and lung perfusion scintigraphy for investigating acute pulmonary embolism. Clin Radiol. 2002;57:33–36
- CT and MR in pulmonary embolism (A changing role for nuclear medicine in diagnostic strategy). Semin Nucl Med. 2002;32:183–192
- Compression sonography in patients with indeterminate or low-probability lung scans (Lack of usefulness in the absence of both symptoms of deep-vein thrombosis and thromboembolic risk factors). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;166:285–289
-
Single-detector helical computed tomography as the primary diagnostic test in suspected pulmonary embolism (A multicenter clinical management study of 510 patients).
Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:307–314
-
Performance of helical computed tomography in unselected outpatients with suspected pulmonary embolism.
Ann Int Med. 2001;135:88–97
-
Cost-effectiveness analysis of diagnostic strategies for suspected pulmonary embolism including helical computed tomography.
Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2003;167:39–44
- Lung scintigraphy and helical computed tomography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (A meta-analysis). Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2001;7:87–92
- . Sensitivity and specificity of helical computed tomography in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (A systematic review). Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:227–232
- The role of spiral volumetric computed tomography in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:293–298
- Subsequent pulmonary embolism (Risk after a negative helical CT pulmonary angiogram-prospective comparison with scintigraphy). Radiology. 2000;215:535–542
- Clinical outcome after a negative spiral CT pulmonary angiographic finding in an inpatient population from cardiology and pneumology wards. Chest. 2003;123:359–365
- Outcomes after withholding anticoagulation from patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism and negative computed tomographic findings (A cohort study). Mayo Clin Proc. 2002;77:130–138
- The negative predictive value of spiral computed tomography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in patients with nondiagnostic ventilation-perfusion scans. Am J Med. 2001;110:16–21
- Clinical usefulness of imaging performed after CT angiography that was negative for pulmonary embolism in a high-risk population. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179:1205–1208
-
Combined CT venography and pulmonary angiography (A comprehensive review).
Radiographics. 2002;22:S3–S19
- Deep venous thrombosis with suspected pulmonary embolism (Detection with combined CT venography and pulmonary angiography). Radiology. 2001;219:498–502
- Combined CT venography and pulmonary angiography (How much venous enhancement is routinely obtained?). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;176:1281–1285
- Thromboembolic disease (Variability of interobserver agreement in the interpretation of CT venography with CT pulmonary angiography). AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;176:1043–1047
- Pitfalls in CT venography of lower limbs and abdominal veins. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;178:1465–1471
- Overview of Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis II. Semin Nucl Med. 2002;32:173–182
- Clinical outcome of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. A follow-up study of 588 consecutive patients. J Intern Med. 2001;250:137–143
- . ACCP Consensus Committee on Pulmonary Embolism (Opinions regarding the diagnosis and management of venous thromboembolic disease). Chest. 1998;113:499–504
- The clinical course of pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:1240–1245
- . Commentary. Lung scintigraphy vs spiral CT in the assessment of pulmonary emboli. Br J Radiol. 2002;75:5–8
PII: S0001-2998(03)00031-X
doi: 10.1016/S0001-2998(03)00031-X
© 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
Volume 33, Issue 4
, Pages 259-278
, October 2003
